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A life of J.S. Bach in his own words Few composers' lives are as eventful and wide-ranging as J.S. Bach's (1685-1750). Raised by a family of musicians in Eisenach, he went on to spend most of his life at the court in Cöthen, before being appointed Thomaskantor in Leipzig where he wrote most of his sacred music for choir, orchestra and solo instruments. As with any successful work of art, Bach's music is the result of a collaborative effort; he encouraged his librettist Georg Friedrich Haendel to write librettos for many of Bach's sacred cantatas, and some of the works were actually written by the composer for other composers' texts. The first major biography was published in German in 1812, although more recent books have been written on his life. The phrase "Life of J.S.Bach" is often encountered on musical scores or programs without attribution, but this article seeks to present a more detailed research-like account which includes an historical context and some information on subsequent developments in musical scholarship. Bach was born in Eisenach, Germany on March 21, 1685, the fourth child of Johann Ambrosius Bach and Maria Elisabeth Lämmerhirt. His three older siblings were Maria Catharina (1677), Johann Christoph (1679) and Johann Michael (1682). His first music teacher was his father, who throughout his life used teaching as a means of earning money. By the time Bach was ten years old he had also had some lessons from Georg Christian Schemelli, organist of St. George's Church in Eisenach. During this time Bach became an experienced keyboard player by studying with Georg Böhm, organist of St. George's Church in Lüneburg. In addition, he learned to play the violin and viola. At about this time, too, he began composing on his own. His first published composition was a motet on the text "Venite ad nos" (Come to us). Both of Bach's parents died before he was two years old and his sister Johanna died at age six. Following the deaths of his father and sister, Johann Sebastian Bach lived in Weimar with his grandfather Georg Bach until 1708 when Georg died and Johanna married Georg Ludwig Krebsbach. In 1708 Georg Ludwig moved to Cöthen and left Bach in Weimar where he went on living with his mother until 1714 when she remarried. Johann Sebastian made his first trip to Lüneburg where he was taught violin by Moscheles. On the way back to Weimar, Bach visited Cöthen where he stayed with his step-father Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach. Carl was a successful organist and teacher who had been educated at the University of Leipzig. Under Carl's tutelage, Johann Sebastian became proficient on both violin and keyboard. In 1714, the year of Bach's mother's wedding to Christian Ernest, Bach moved to Cöthen with Carl where he lived for five years. From 1717 to 1723 Johann Sebastian lived in Arnstadt before moving back to Weimar where he remained until his death on July 28, 1750. cfa1e77820
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